Docker ZenPack

This ZenPack provides support for monitoring Docker containers running on Linux devices.

Docker versions 1.6 through 1.11 are known to be supported as of June 20th, 2016.

Releases

Version 2.0.3 Download

Released: 2018-02-20

Compatible with Zenoss 4.2.5 - 6.1

Requires: ZenPackLib ZenPack

Version 1.1.0 Download

Released: 2015-04-15

Compatible with Zenoss 4.2 - 5.0

No additional requirements.

Contents

1. Features
   1. Discovery
   2. Monitoring
      1. Docker Status Monitoring
      2. Container Status Monitoring
      3. Container Statistics Monitoring
   3. Service Impact
2. Usage
   1. SSH Configuration
   2. sudo Configuration
3. Services
4. Installed Items
5. Changes

Features

The features added by this ZenPack can be summarized as follows. They are each detailed further below.

• Discovery and periodic remodeling of Docker containers.
• Optional status and performance monitoring of Docker containers.
• Service impact and root cause analysis. (Requires Zenoss Service Dynamics)

Discovery

The following components and properties will be automatically discovered when the DockerCollector modeler plugin is enabled for Linux devices running Docker.

Docker Host (Linux Device)

Properties: Docker Version

Relationships: Docker Containers

Docker Container

Properties: ID, Title (Name), Image, Command, Ports, Created

This information is obtained by running the following commands on the Linux device via SSH.

• docker -v
• sudo docker ps -a --no-trunc

As with all SSH modeling, the zCommandUsername, zCommandPassword, and zKeyPath configuration properties are used to establish the SSH connection. For password authentication, zCommandUsername and zCommandPassword must be set. For public key authentication, zCommandUsername and zKeyPath must be set. The value of zCommandPassword will be used as the passphrase if the key file provided by zKeyPath requires a passphrase.

Note: The DockerCollector modeler plugin is not enabled by default for any device classes. Typically you would add it to the /Server/SSH/Linux device class so all Linux devices being monitoring via SSH will have any containers discovered. Alternatively you could create a /Server/SSH/Linux/Docker deviceclass under which you placed all of your Linux devices that operate as Docker hosts, and only add the DockerCollector modeler plugin for it.

Monitoring

Three types of monitoring are performed for all discovered Docker containers: Status, statistics, and size. The monitoring of each of these aspects has been separated so that you can choose which you are interested in monitoring more easily.

Note: The default value of zCommandCommandTimeout is 15 seconds. This may not be long enough for the monitoring commands detailed below to execute. It is recommended that this value be increased to 60 seconds if status and statistics monitoring are enabled. It is recommended that this value be increased to 600 seconds if size monitoring is enabled.

Docker Status Monitoring

When either zDockerMonitorContainerStatus or zDockerMonitorContainerSize are enabled, the status of the docker daemon will be checked once per minute (for zDockerMonitorContainerStatus) or once every ten minutes (for zDockerMonitorContainerSize) by running one of the following commands respectively.

• /usr/bin/env sudo docker ps -a --no-trunc
• /usr/bin/env sudo docker ps -a -s --no-trunc

An error event such as the following will be created if either of these commands results in an error instead of a list of containers.

Docker Error Event

summary: received unexpected output from docker ps

severity: error (4)

eventClassKey: docker-ps-status

eventKey: docker-ps-status

component: docker (unlinked)

device: example-device-id

docker_command: <docker command that resulted in an error>

docker_output: <docker command output>

A clear event such as the following will be created if the above commands properly result in a list of containers.

Docker Clear Event

summary: received expected output from docker ps

severity: clear (0)

eventClassKey: docker-ps-status

eventKey: docker-ps-status

component: docker (unlinked)

device: example-device-id

docker_command: <docker command that resulted in an list of containers>

docker_output: <docker command output>

The ZenPack installs a docker-ps-status event class mapping into the /Status event class to handle these events by default. You can create an alternative mapping for the docker-ps-status eventClassKey with a lower sequence number if you wish th handle these events differently.

Container Status Monitoring

When zDockerMonitorContainerStatus is enabled, the status of each container will be checked once per minute by running the following command.

• /usr/bin/env sudo docker ps -a --no-trunc

Containers with any status other than "Up" or "Created" will result in a critical event being created for the container with the following example fields.

Clear Down Event

summary: container status: exited (0) 31 minutes ago

severity: critical (5)

eventClassKey: dockerContainerStatus

eventKey: dockerContainerStatus

component: docker-container-id

device: example-device-id

Containers with an "Up" or "Created" status will result in a clear event being created for the container with the following example fields.

Container Up Event

summary: container status: up

severity: clear (0)

eventClassKey: dockerContainerStatus

eventKey: dockerContainerStatus

component: docker-container-id

device: example-device-id

The ZenPack installs a dockerContainerStatus event class mapping into the /Status event class to handle these events by default. You can create an alternative mapping for the dockerContainerStatus eventClassKey with a lower sequence number if you wish to handle these events differently.

Note: Container status monitoring is disable by default because container down events will only auto-clear if the same container is restarted. If the container is left in a non-running state, or if is removed, its event must be manually cleared. If auto-clearing is important you may want to consider using Zenoss' normal process monitoring support to monitor the process(es) running within the container instead of monitoring the container.

Container Statistics Monitoring

When zDockerMonitorContainerStats is enabled, the statistics of each container will be collected once every five minutes by running the following commands.

• /usr/bin/env sudo find /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuacct/ -printf "\n%p\n" -exec cat {} 2>/dev/null \;
• /usr/bin/env sudo find /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/ -printf "\n%p\n" -exec cat {} 2>/dev/null \;
• /usr/bin/env sudo find /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio/ -printf "\n%p\n" -exec cat {} 2>/dev/null \;

These three commands capture the cgroup CPU, memory, and IO usage respectively. They will work regardless of whether the cgroupfs or systemd driver are used.

The following datapoints are parsed from the results of these commands.

cpuacct_usage

Description: Total usage include user and system time.

Provenance: Value of cpuacct.usage for container divided by number of CPUs found in cpuacct.usage_percpu, divided by 10,000,000 to convert from nanoseconds to centiseconds. Presented as a rate.

Units: ticks per second (works out to a 0-100/sec rate)

Aliases: cpu__ticks

cpuacct_usage_user

Description: User time.

Provenance: Value of user in cpuacct.stat divided by number of CPUs found in cpuacct.usage_percpu. Presented as a rate.

Units: ticks per second (works out to 0-100/sec rate)

Aliases: cpu_user__ticks

cpuacct_usage_system

Description: System time.

Provenance: Value of system in cpuacct.stat divided by number of CPUs found in cpuacct.usage_percpu. Presented as a rate.

Units: ticks per second (works out to 0-100/sec rate)

Aliases: cpu_system__ticks

cpuacct_processes

Description: Number of processes running in container.

Provenance: Value in cgroup.procs for container.

Units: process count

memory_limit

Description: Memory usage limit for container. (n/a indicates no limit)

Provenance: Value in memory.limit_in_bytes for container.

Units: bytes or n/a

memory_usage

Description: Memory usage for container.

Provenance: Value in memory.usage_in_bytes for container.

Units: bytes

Aliases: mem_usage__bytes

blkio_bytes_total

Description: Rate of IO read and write bytes for container.

Provenance: Sum of total value in blkio.io_service_bytes_recursive and blkio.throttle.io_service_bytes. Presented as a rate.

Units: bytes per second

blkio_bytes_read

Description: Rate of IO read bytes for container.

Provenance: Sum of read value in blkio.io_service_bytes_recursive and blkio.throttle.io_service_bytes. Presented as a rate.

Units: bytes per second

blkio_bytes_write

Description: Rate of IO write bytes bytes for a container.

Provenance: Sum of write value in blkio.io_service_bytes_recursive and blkio.throttle.io_service_bytes. Presented as a rate.

Units: bytes per second

blkio_io_total

Description: Rate of IO read and write operations for container.

Provenance: Sum of total value in blkio.io_serviced_recursive and blkio.throttle.io_service_bytes. Presented as a rate.

Units: operations per second

blkio_io_read

Description: Rate of IO read operations for container.

Provenance: Sum of read value in blkio.io_serviced_recursive and blkio.throttle.io_service_bytes. Presented as a rate.

Units: operations per second

blkio_io_write

Description: Rate of IO write operations for container.

Provenance: Sum of write value in blkio.io_serviced_recursive and blkio.throttle.io_service_bytes. Presented as a rate.

Units: operations per second

The following graphs are built using these datapoints.

CPU Usage (percent)

Total

User

System

Memory Usage (bytes)

Limit

Used

IO Rate (operations/sec)

Total

Read

Write

IO Throughput (bytes/sec)

Total

Read

Write

Container Size Monitoring

When zDockerMonitorContainerSize is enabled, the real size and virtual size of each container will be monitored once every ten minutes by running the following command.

• /usr/bin/env sudo docker ps -a -s --no-trunc 2>/dev/null

Note: zDockerMonitorContainerSize is not enabled by default. The reason for this is that adding -s flag to docker ps can result in the command taking a very long time to run when many containers, or large containers are used. It is recommended that you attempt to run the command on your Docker hosts manually and see that it takes less than 10 minutes to execute before enabled zDockerMonitorContainerSize.

Note:Older versions of Docker only report real size, not virtual size. The exact version cut-off isn't known, but Docker 1.6.2 as known to not report virtual size.

The following datapoints are parsed from the results of this command.

size_size

Description: Actual space used by this specific container.

Provenance: First number in the SIZE column of ''docker ps -s'' converted to bytes.

Units: bytes

size_size_virtual

Description: Virtual size of container including image layers that may be shared with other containers.

Provenance: Parenthetical number in the SIZE column of docker ps -s converted to bytes

Units: bytes

The following graph is build using these datapoints.

Storage Usage

Size

Virtual Size

Service Impact

When combined with the Zenoss Service Dynamics product, this ZenPack adds built-in service impact capability for Docker Containers. The following service impact relationships are automatically added. These will be included in any services containing one or more of the explicitly mentioned entities.

Service Impact Relationships

Device affects related Docker Containers.

Usage

To begin discovering and monitoring Docker containers you must start by deciding what kind of monitoring you want to perform. There are three configuration properties that will control how container monitoring is performed.

• zDockerMonitorContainerStatus
• zDockerMonitorContainerStats
• zDockerMonitorContainerSize

You can refer to the various container monitoring sections above to understand exactly what the implications of each of these properties are. By default only zDockerMonitorContainerStatus and zDockerMonitorContainerStats are enabled. This is due to a potential performance consideration when monitoring container sizes. See the note above in the Container Size Monitoring section.

After setting these configuration properties to the desired values, you must enable the DockerCollector modeler plugin for the device class(es) or device(s) for which you want to discover running containers. One possibility would be to create a /Server/SSH/Linux/Docker device class, and add DockerCollector to the list of modeler plugins it will inherit from the /Server/SSH/Linux device class.

SSH Configuration

Docker container discovery and monitoring will occur by running commands on the monitored device with SSH. This SSH connectivity will use the same SSH configuration that is used for normal Linux device monitoring. The following configuration properties can be used to control SSH access.

• zCommandUsername
• zCommandPassword
• zKeyPath
• zCommandCommandTimeout

See the Discovery section for more information on how zCommandUsername, zCommandPassword, and zKeyPath are used. See the Monitoring section for a special note on zCommandCommandTimeout.

sudo Configuration

In addition to SSH access, this ZenPack executes specific commands via sudo both during discovery and monitoring. This means that sudo must be installed on the monitored system, and if zCommandUsername is not root, sudo must be configured to allow the user specified in zCommandUsername permission to run the following commands without specifying a password.

Discovery:

sudo docker ps -a --no-trunc

If zDockerMonitorContainerStatus is enabled:

/usr/bin/env sudo docker ps -a --no-trunc

If zDockerMonitorContainerSize is enabled:

/usr/bin/env sudo docker ps -a -s --no-trunc

If zDockerMonitorContainerStats is enabled:

/usr/bin/env sudo find /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuacct/ -printf "\n%p\n" -exec cat {} 2>/dev/null \;

/usr/bin/env sudo find /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/ -printf "\n%p\n" -exec cat {} 2>/dev/null \;

/usr/bin/env sudo find /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio/ -printf "\n%p\n" -exec cat {} 2>/dev/null \;

It is also important that sudo be configured to allow running commands without a tty. Specifically this means that a line such as the following in sudoers (visudo) can prevent discovery and monitoring.

Defaults requiretty

You can resolve this by disabling the requiretty option for all users by changing the above line to the following:

Defaults !requiretty

You can also selectively disable requiretty just for the user configured in Zenoss' zCommandUsername configuration property. Assuming that username was zenmonitor, this is how that would look.

Defaults requiretty
Defaults:zenmonitor !requiretty

Services

This ZenPack requires the following services (daemons) to be running.

zenmodeler

Purpose: Modeling Docker version and containers.

Location: All collectors expected to be modeling Docker.

zencommand

Purpose: Monitoring Docker containers status, statistics, and size.

Location: All collectors expected to be monitoring Docker.

Installed Items

Installing this ZenPack will add the following items to your Zenoss system.

Configuration Properties

zDockerMonitorContainerStatus

zDockerMonitorContainerStats

zDockerMonitorContainerSize

Modeler Plugins

DockerCollector

Monitoring Templates

DockerContainer-Status (/Devices)

DockerContainer-Stats (/Devices)

DockerContainer-Size (/Devices)

Event Class Mappings

docker-ps-status (/Status)

dockerContainerStatus (/Status)

Component Types

DockerContainer (on related device)

Changes

2.0.3

• Update to ZenPackLib v2 to address bugs in v1. (ZPS-2934)
• Fix collection of metrics from Kubernetes containers. (ZPS-2935)
• Tested with Zenoss 4.2.5, 5.3.3. 6.1.0, and 6.1.1

2.0.2

• Fix disabling of Dynamic View of non-Docker components. (ZPS-703)

2.0.1

• Disable container status monitoring by default. (ZEN-24043)

2.0.0

• Transparently support cgroupfs and systemd cgroup drivers.
• Add zDockerMonitor(Status|Stats|Size) configuration properties.
• Replace root file system monitoring with Docker's container size monitoring.
• Drop support for Docker versions earlier than 1.6.
• Support Dynamic View.

1.0.0

• Initial release.